Electricity Generation by State

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Last updated December 2024

Do you know where electricity comes from in your state? Depending on its location, energy can come from various sources, including nuclear, wind, and solar. There are also other power sources, like coal-powered energy in most states and hydroelectric sources in others.

The Choose Energy analysts compile the latest U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) data to create the December Electricity Generation Report. This report details the energy mix for each state using the most recent figures from September 2024.

How the states stack up

Texas produces the greatest share of the country’s electricity, accounting for 14% of all energy production in the U.S.

The following is the state-by-state breakdown of energy production from major sources. This breakdown does not include energy generation from petroleum, geothermal, biomass, or other power sources because these sources make up a minimal percentage of the mix in most states. However, there are some exceptions. Petroleum, for example, accounts for almost 70% of Hawaii’s energy generation. Total electricity is measured in thousand megawatt-hours.

Coal has long been considered the “dirtiest” fuel for electricity production, though generators have made great strides in recent years to lessen the environmental impact. In September, 15.2% of the electricity generated in the U.S. came from coal.

Natural gas burns cleaner, but many environmentalists warn that it produces methane. Natural gas accounted for 47.2% of electricity in the U.S. in September. Here are the states that get most of their electricity from natural gas.

Hydroelectric power is one of the cleanest energy producers and made up 4.64% of the national energy mix in September. Washington depends heavily on hydroelectric power – one of the reasons the state consistently has one of the lowest average electricity rates by state.

Nationwide, solar energy made up 7.7% of all electricity in September. Massachusetts produced the highest percentage of its electricity from solar this month.

States along Tornado Alley lead the way when producing electricity generated by wind. But some unlikely candidates are also big producers. In September, wind power accounted for 8.1% of U.S. electricity.

Is nuclear power clean or dirty? It depends on your perspective. It produces a far smaller carbon footprint than coal, oil, or natural gas, so in that respect, it’s clean. But there’s the problem of what to do with the spent fuel – it’s difficult to overlook that issue. Nuclear energy made up 17.44% of all electricity in the U.S. in September.

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